mineral

Carnelian Agate

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: reddish-orange, brown, pinkish-orange; Luster: vitreous to waxy; Crystal system: trigonal/microcrystalline; Cleavage: none, conchoidal fracture

Hardness: 6
Color: reddish-orange, brown, pinkish-orange
Luster: vitreous to waxy

Identified July 28, 2026More mineral →

Explore Carnelian Agate in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: reddish-orange, brown, pinkish-orange; Luster: vitreous to waxy; Crystal system: trigonal/microcrystalline; Cleavage: none, conchoidal fracture

Formation & geological history

Forms through the precipitation of silica from groundwater inside cavities of volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Its reddish color is derived from iron oxide inclusions (hematite).

Uses & applications

Popular in lapidary work, wire-wrapping, jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as pocket stones for collectors.

Geological facts

Carnelian has been used in jewelry making for over 4,000 years; ancient Romans used it to make seal rings because warm wax would not stick to it.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its waxy luster, translucency, and warm reddish-orange hue. Commonly found in gravel beds, river deposits, and basaltic terrains around the world.