mineral
Carnelian Agate
Chalcedony (SiO2)
Hardness 6.5-7, orange to red color, waxy luster, microcrystalline quartz, conchoidal fracture
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5-7, orange to red color, waxy luster, microcrystalline quartz, conchoidal fracture
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich fluids in volcanic cavities or sedimentary environments
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, carvings, and lapidary arts
Geological facts
Carnelian has been used for thousands of years, often for signet rings and seals because hot wax does not stick to it.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive orange-red color and waxy luster. Found worldwide, with notable deposits in India, Brazil, and Uruguay.
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