mineral

Carnelian Agate

Chalcedony (SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6.5-7, Color: reddish-orange to brown, Luster: waxy to vitreous, Crystal structure: cryptocrystalline, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.59-2.61

Hardness: 6

Identified September 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7, Color: reddish-orange to brown, Luster: waxy to vitreous, Crystal structure: cryptocrystalline, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.59-2.61

Formation & geological history

Forms from the deposition of silica in rock cavities or veins, often in igneous or sedimentary rocks. The reddish color is due to iron oxide impurities.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a collector's stone. Highly valued in ancient times for signet rings.

Geological facts

Carnelian was widely used during Roman times to make engraved gems for signet or seal rings for imprinting a seal with wax on correspondence.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its translucent to opaque reddish-orange color and smooth, waxy luster. Commonly found in Brazil, India, Siberia, and Germany. Collectors often seek out brightly colored, translucent specimens.