gemstone
Carnelian
Silicon dioxide (Chalcedony variety)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, orange to red-brown color, vitreous to waxy luster, and microcrystalline quartz structure.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, orange to red-brown color, vitreous to waxy luster, and microcrystalline quartz structure.
Formation & geological history
Forms in silica-rich groundwater solutions depositing within cavities of volcanic or sedimentary rocks over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in jewelry, carved into beads, cabochons, and talismans.
Geological facts
Historically prized in ancient Egypt and Rome for signet rings and amulets due to its durability and rich color.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its translucent orange-red hue and conchoidal fracture; commonly sourced from India, Brazil, and Iran.
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