gemstone
Carnelian
Silicon dioxide, microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, vitreous to waxy luster, and conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, vitreous to waxy luster, and conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Forms in low-temperature aqueous environments, typically as fillings in cavities of volcanic and sedimentary rocks.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, signet rings, beads, and ornamental carvings.
Geological facts
Carnelian was highly prized in ancient civilizations like Egypt and Rome for use in talismans and royal signet rings.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its translucent reddish-orange hue and waxy luster; commonly found worldwide including India, Brazil, and the US.
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