gemstone
Carnelian
Silicon dioxide (Variety of Chalcedony, SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline crystal structure, and conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline crystal structure, and conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica-rich groundwater within cavities of volcanic and sedimentary rocks over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in making tumbled stones, beads, cabochons for jewelry, and historical signet rings.
Geological facts
Ancient Egyptians prized carnelian for amulets symbolizing life and courage, often placing them in tombs for the afterlife.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinct translucent orange-to-red hue and smooth waxy luster. Commonly sourced from India, Brazil, and Uruguay.
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