
gemstone
Carnelian
Silicon dioxide (Chalcedony variety), SiO2
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, and microcrystalline structure.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, and microcrystalline structure.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from groundwater in cavities of rocks, typically in volcanic or sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in making beads, carved gemstones, rings, and talismans throughout history.
Geological facts
Carnelian was highly prized in ancient Egypt and Rome, often used as a signet ring stone because hot wax does not stick to it.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive translucent orange-red color and conchoidal fracture, commonly found in India, Brazil, and Uruguay.
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