Rock Identifier
Carnelian (Silicon dioxide (Chalcedony variety), SiO2) — gemstone
gemstone

Carnelian

Silicon dioxide (Chalcedony variety), SiO2

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, and microcrystalline structure.

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, and microcrystalline structure.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from groundwater in cavities of rocks, typically in volcanic or sedimentary environments.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in making beads, carved gemstones, rings, and talismans throughout history.

Geological facts

Carnelian was highly prized in ancient Egypt and Rome, often used as a signet ring stone because hot wax does not stick to it.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive translucent orange-red color and conchoidal fracture, commonly found in India, Brazil, and Uruguay.