gemstone
Carnelian
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, red to orange-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, and conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, red to orange-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, and conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Forms in volcanic cavities and sedimentary rock through the deposition of silica from groundwater rich in iron oxide.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, signet rings, carvings, and as a popular ornamental gemstone for collectors.
Geological facts
Carnelian has been prized since ancient times, frequently used by the ancient Egyptians and Romans for amulets and seals.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic reddish-orange translucency and absence of cleavage; found globally including in Brazil, India, and the USA.
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