sedimentary
Chert (Flint / River Pebble)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to dull luster, conchoidal fracture, and yellowish-tan to cream color.
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Physical properties
Hardness 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to dull luster, conchoidal fracture, and yellowish-tan to cream color.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the biochemical or chemical precipitation of silica in marine environments, subsequently rounded by fluvial or glacial weathering.
Uses & applications
Used historically for stone tools and flintknapping, and modernly in aggregate, road construction, and landscaping.
Geological facts
Due to its high hardness and lack of cleavage, prehistoric humans favored chert for fashioning sharp arrowheads and blades.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its smooth, water-worn exterior, ability to easily scratch glass, and distinctive curved conchoidal fractures where chipped.
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