mineral
Chrysocolla
Hydrated copper silicate, (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O
Hardness: 2.5 to 3.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Green, bluish-green, blue, or cyan with brown matrix. Luster: Vitreous to earthy or dull. Crystal system: Orthorhombic, but usually found in botryoidal, massive, or crusting forms. Specific gravity: 2.0 to 2.4.
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Green, bluish-green, blue, or cyan with brown matrix
- Luster
- Vitreous to earthy or dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5 to 3.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Green, bluish-green, blue, or cyan with brown matrix. Luster: Vitreous to earthy or dull. Crystal system: Orthorhombic, but usually found in botryoidal, massive, or crusting forms. Specific gravity: 2.0 to 2.4.
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary mineral in the oxidized zones of copper ore bodies, typically precipitated from hydrothermal fluids or circulating groundwater interacting with copper-bearing minerals. Highly plausible given the region near Santiago, Chile (33.2°S, 70.6°W), which is part of the world-famous Andean copper belt.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as an ornamental stone, in cabochons, beads, and inlay work for jewelry, and as a minor ore of copper. Highly sought after by mineral collectors.
Geological facts
Chrysocolla gets its vivid blue-green color from copper impurities. Its name comes from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referencing its historical use in soldering gold.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinctive cyan and turquoise coloration often mixed with earthy brown oxides. Common in major copper-producing regions of the world, particularly in South America and the southwestern United States.
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