mineral

Chrysocolla

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O

Hardness 2.0 to 4.0 on Mohs scale, vivid cyan blue to greenish-blue color, vitreous to earthy luster, amorphous or cryptocrystalline structure, fragile with conchoidal fracture.

Identified July 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness 2.0 to 4.0 on Mohs scale, vivid cyan blue to greenish-blue color, vitreous to earthy luster, amorphous or cryptocrystalline structure, fragile with conchoidal fracture.

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary copper mineral in the oxidized zone of copper ore bodies, often co-occurring with malachite, azurite, and quartz.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as an gemstone for cabochons, beads, and carvings, as a minor ore of copper, and as a popular collector specimen.

Geological facts

Ancient Greeks used chrysocolla as a flux for soldering gold; its name derives from the Greek 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue).

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive sky-blue to teal color and soft, porous feel. Frequently found in copper mining regions such as Arizona (USA), Chile, Peru, Israel, and the DRC.