mineral

Chrysocolla

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O

Hardness: 2.5 to 3.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Cyan, blue, greenish-blue, or green; Luster: Vitreous to dull, earthy; Crystal System: Orthorhombic/Amorphous; Specific Gravity: 2.0 - 2.4

Hardness: 2
Color: Cyan, blue, greenish-blue, or green
Luster: Vitreous to dull, earthy

Identified July 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.5 to 3.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Cyan, blue, greenish-blue, or green; Luster: Vitreous to dull, earthy; Crystal System: Orthorhombic/Amorphous; Specific Gravity: 2.0 - 2.4

Formation & geological history

Secondary mineral formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies, often intergrown with quartz, malachite, or azurite in arid to semi-arid regions.

Uses & applications

Minor ore of copper, popular as an ornamental gemstone, cabochons, and gemstone carvings for lapidary collectors.

Geological facts

Chrysocolla was first described in 315 BC by Theophrastus. Its name comes from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referencing its historic use as a solder component for gold alloys.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive vibrant blue-green color, low hardness, and association with copper mineral deposits. Frequently found in Arizona (USA), Chile, Peru, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.