mineral

Chrysocolla

(Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O

Hardness: 2 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Color: Blue, green, and turquoise-blue. Luster: Vitreous to earthy or dull. Crystal structure: Orthorhombic (often amorphous or cryptocrystalline, forming botryoidal or crusting masses). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: 2.0 to 2.4.

Hardness: 2 to 4 on the Mohs scale
Color: Blue, green, and turquoise-blue
Luster: Vitreous to earthy or dull

Identified August 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies, typically in arid or semi-arid environments where copper-bearing solutions interact with silica-rich water.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a minor ore of copper, as well as an ornamental stone and gemstone for cabochons, beads, and inlay work in jewelry.

Geological facts

Chrysocolla's name comes from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referencing its historical use as a flux in soldering gold. It is often found intergrown with quartz, malachite, and azurite.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its distinctive bright cyan to turquoise-blue color and softer texture compared to turquoise. Found worldwide, with notable deposits in the USA (Arizona), Chile, Peru, Russia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.