mineral
Citrine Quartz (likely heat-treated)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow to golden-orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pale yellow to golden-orange
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow to golden-orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in igneous and metamorphic environments, specifically in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins. While natural citrine is rare, most commercial golden quartz is formed by heat-treating Amethyst or Smoky Quartz.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry as a semi-precious gemstone, in decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for crystal collectors and holistic practices.
Geological facts
Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' in the market is actually amethyst that has been heated to around 470-560 degrees Celsius to change its color from purple to yellow.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (scratches glass) and lack of cleavage. In the field, look for hexagonal prisms. Natural citrine is found in Madagascar, Brazil, and Spain.
