mineral
Citrine Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange or brownish-orange color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange or brownish-orange color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites as silica-rich solutions cool and crystallize, often naturally occurring via the heat-driven irradiation of smoky quartz or amethyst
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, decorative items, and metaphysical healing practices
Geological facts
Natural citrine is relatively rare; much of the citrine on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive yellow to orange color and quartz crystal structure, commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, and the USA
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