gemstone
Citrine
Silicon dioxide (Quartz variety), SiO2
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange-brown color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and no cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange-brown color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and no cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks primarily through the hydrothermal crystallization of silica-rich solutions or heat treatment of amethyst.
Uses & applications
Widely used in fine jewelry, ornamental carvings, and as a collector's gemstone.
Geological facts
Natural citrine is quite rare; most commercial citrine is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinct yellow color, conchoidal fracture, and lack of double refraction; commonly sourced from Brazil, Madagascar, and the US.
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