mineral
Citrine
Silicon Dioxide (Quartz variety), SiO2
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange or brownish-yellow color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange or brownish-yellow color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms naturally through the hydrothermal growth of quartz with trace amounts of iron, or more commonly today through the heat treatment of purple amethyst or smoky quartz. Found worldwide in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a popular gemstone in jewelry, decorative items, and prized by crystal collectors and enthusiasts.
Geological facts
Natural citrine is relatively rare; most commercial citrine on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst, which turns a bright yellow-orange color when heated.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its characteristic yellow color, vitreous luster, and lack of cleavage. Commonly sourced from Brazil, Madagascar, and the USA.
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