mineral
Citrine
Silicon Dioxide (Quartz variety, SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange-brown color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, yellow to orange-brown color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed naturally through the trace presence of iron in quartz and sub-surface irradiation, though most commercial specimens are heat-treated amethyst. Found worldwide in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a popular metaphysical crystal for collecting.
Geological facts
Natural citrine is relatively rare compared to heat-treated amethyst, which typically exhibits a reddish-orange tint. It is the traditional birthstone for the month of November.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinct yellow hue and standard quartz hardness, which easily scratches glass. Commonly sourced from Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia.
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