mineral
Citrine
Silicon Dioxide (Quartz variety)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on Mohs scale, yellow to orange-brown color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and no cleavage with conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on Mohs scale, yellow to orange-brown color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and no cleavage with conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Forms naturally through the irradiation and heating of low-grade smoky quartz or hydrothermal solutions, though much commercial material is heat-treated amethyst.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a popular gemstone in jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a collector mineral.
Geological facts
Natural citrine is relatively rare compared to heat-treated amethyst, which accounts for the vast majority of market supply. The yellow color typically stems from trace iron impurities.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinct yellow-to-orange hue and lack of cleavage, commonly found in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins worldwide.
