sedimentary (anthropogenic/man-made)
Concrete fragment with Aggregate
Anthropogenic Concrete with Calcarious and Siliceous Aggregate
Hardness: 3-7 (variable based on aggregate and cement paste); Color: Light grey matrix with darker grey/brown inclusions; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Amorphous matrix with crystalline inclusions; Cleavage: None/Irregular fracture
- Hardness
- 3-7 (variable based on aggregate and cement paste)
- Color
- Light grey matrix with darker grey/brown inclusions
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-7 (variable based on aggregate and cement paste); Color: Light grey matrix with darker grey/brown inclusions; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Amorphous matrix with crystalline inclusions; Cleavage: None/Irregular fracture
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydration of Portland cement mixed with water and rounded/crushed geological aggregates. This specific specimen appears to be a fragment of modern architectural or infrastructure material.
Uses & applications
Primary use is in construction, pavement, and structural foundations. It serves as the most widely used man-made material on Earth.
Geological facts
Concrete is often mistaken for natural sedimentary rocks like conglomerate or breccia. It is technically a pseudo-sedimentary rock because it consists of clasts (aggregate) bound by a chemical cement.
Field identification & locations
Identify by looking for uniform grey sandy matrix holding larger, often rounded or angular stones together. It is found globally in urban environments and near construction sites.
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