mineral

Copper Nugget

Native Copper (Cu)

Hardness: 2.5 - 3 on the Mohs scale. Color: Copper-red, sometimes with a green patina (malachite or azurite) due to oxidation. Luster: Metallic. Crystal System: Isometric. Cleavage: None, exhibits hackly fracture. Specific Gravity: 8.9

Hardness: 2
Luster: Metallic

Identified July 29, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in hydrothermal veins, as well as basaltic lava cavities where copper-rich fluids precipitate copper in pore spaces or fractures. It can also form via the oxidation of copper sulfide deposits.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in electrical wiring, plumbing, manufacturing, coins, and occasionally as ornamental or collector mineral specimens.

Geological facts

Native copper is one of the few metallic elements to occur in native form in large quantities. Pure copper has excellent thermal and electrical conductivity.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its distinct metallic copper-red color, high density (heavy for its size), and lack of cleavage with a hackly fracture. Commonly found in the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan, USA, as well as Chile, Russia, and various mining regions worldwide.