fossil
Crinozoan fossil (Crinoid stem fragment)
Crinoid (Class Crinoidea)
Hardness: 3 (calcite); Color: white to off-white with reddish-brown staining; Luster: dull to pearly; Structure: fragmented cylindrical or disc-shaped segments with a central hole (lumen) or pitting.
- Hardness
- 3 (calcite)
- Color
- white to off-white with reddish-brown staining
- Luster
- dull to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 (calcite); Color: white to off-white with reddish-brown staining; Luster: dull to pearly; Structure: fragmented cylindrical or disc-shaped segments with a central hole (lumen) or pitting.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the mineralized remains of marine echinoderms known as Sea Lilies. The specimen likely dates from the Paleozoic era (approx. 250-500 million years ago) and formed in a shallow marine environment where the calcified stems were buried in sediment.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as educational specimens, biological research, jewelry (often called 'Lucky Stones' or 'Indian Beads'), and for amateur collecting.
Geological facts
Crinoids are not plants but animals related to starfish and sea urchins. They have existed for hundreds of millions of years and are still found in modern deep-sea environments. This specific specimen appears to be a water-worn fragment showing the internal vascular structure.
Field identification & locations
Identify by looking for cylindrical or stacked disc shapes and a distinct central hole or star pattern. Commonly found in limestone outcrops, creek beds, and Great Lakes shorelines (especially Michigan).
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