igneous
Granite
Felsic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (gray, white, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt and pepper (gray, white, black)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (gray, white, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a coarse-grained intrusive rock common in continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is a symbol of strength and durability, which is why it is often chosen for gravestones and public buildings.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in large mountain ranges and shield areas globally.
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