mineral

Desert rose

Gypsum rosette (CaSO₄·2H₂O), sometimes barite (BaSO₄)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically tan to reddish-brown, pearly to vitreous, with radiating bladed crystals forming a rosette; gypsum hardness is 2 on the Mohs scale, has perfect cleavage, and low specific gravity (~2.3).

Identified August 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Typically tan to reddish-brown, pearly to vitreous, with radiating bladed crystals forming a rosette; gypsum hardness is 2 on the Mohs scale, has perfect cleavage, and low specific gravity (~2.3).

Formation & geological history

Forms when gypsum crystallizes in arid desert soils as evaporating groundwater concentrates sulfate and calcium; many specimens formed during Quaternary desert conditions, though exact age varies by locality.

Uses & applications

Primarily a decorative and collector specimen; gypsum is also used industrially for plaster, drywall, cement, and fertilizer, while barite is important in drilling mud.

Geological facts

The “petals” are intergrown gypsum crystals, and the sandy inclusions commonly produce the distinctive brown color. Desert roses are not biological fossils.

Field identification & locations

Identify by the delicate radiating rosette, softness, and ability to scratch with a fingernail; common sources include the Sahara, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Oklahoma, and New Mexico. Keep dry and handle gently because the crystals chip easily.