gemstone
Diamond (Cut Gemstone)
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless, Luster: Adamant (brilliant), Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect in four directions.
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless, Luster: Adamant (brilliant), Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect in four directions.
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme pressure and heat within the Earth's mantle (150-250 km deep), brought to surface via kimberlite volcanic pipes millions of years ago.
Uses & applications
Used in fine jewelry as centerpieces for rings, earrings, and necklaces; also used to make industrial cutting, grinding, and drilling tools.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest natural substance on Earth. It is made of a single element: carbon. Most diamonds are billions of years old.
Field identification & locations
Identify by high refractive index, extreme hardness (scratches all other minerals), and high thermal conductivity. Commonly found in alluvial deposits or kimberlite pipes.
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