gemstone

Diamond (Cut Gemstone)

Carbon (C)

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale); Color: Colorless; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.51-3.53

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale)
Color: Colorless
Luster: Adamantine

Identified July 6, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale); Color: Colorless; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.51-3.53

Formation & geological history

Formed deep within the Earth's mantle under extreme heat and pressure, brought to the surface by kimberlite and lamproite volcanic eruptions, typically billions of years old.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in high-end jewelry and industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to its extreme hardness.

Geological facts

Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. The Cullinan Diamond is the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found, weighing 3,106 carats.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its brilliance, dispersion (fire), and ability to scratch any other material. Found in cratons (ancient continental cores) in South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia.