mineral
Diamond
Diamond (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal system: Isometric-hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Octahedral (perfect in four directions), Specific Gravity: 3.51
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal system: Isometric-hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Octahedral (perfect in four directions), Specific Gravity: 3.51
Formation & geological history
Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions at depths of 140 to 190 kilometers in the Earth's mantle. They are brought to the surface by deep-origin volcanic eruptions (kimberlite or lamproite pipes).
Uses & applications
Primary use in high-end jewelry (bridal and fashion). Industrial applications include cutting, grinding, drilling tools, and heat sinks due to extreme hardness and thermal conductivity.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. The most famous specimen is the Hope Diamond. Most natural diamonds were formed more than 1 billion years ago.
Field identification & locations
Identified by their ability to scratch any other material and their high refractive index. Often found in kimberlite pipes or alluvial deposits. Collectors look for clarity, color, and carat weight.
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