gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Cleavage: Perfect octagonal, Specific Gravity: 3.5-3.53
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Cleavage: Perfect octagonal, Specific Gravity: 3.5-3.53
Formation & geological history
Formed under intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth's mantle, approximately 100 miles below the surface, usually between 1 to 3 billion years ago. They are brought to the surface by kimberlite and lamproite pipes.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry; also widely used in industrial applications such as cutting, grinding, and drilling due to its extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the only gemstone made of a single element (carbon). It is the hardest natural substance known to man. The famous Hope Diamond is known for its rare blue color and alleged curse.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its brilliance, extreme hardness (scratches all other materials), and thermal conductivity. Commonly found in South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Botswana. Collectors should verify authenticity with a diamond tester or GIA certification.
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