gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral (cubic), Specific Gravity: 3.52
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral (cubic), Specific Gravity: 3.52
Formation & geological history
Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle, approximately 100 miles below the surface, and brought to the surface by deep-origin volcanic eruptions (kimberlite or lamproite pipes).
Uses & applications
Primary use in high-end jewelry (engagement rings) and industrial applications for cutting, drilling, and grinding due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest natural substance known on Earth. Most natural diamonds were formed between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years ago. The 'four Cs' (Cut, Color, Clarity, and Carat weight) determine a specimen's quality.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its unmatched hardness, brilliance, and high thermal conductivity. Commonly found in alluvial deposits or kimberlite pipes in regions like South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Botswana.
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