mineral
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, transparent to opaque with adamantine luster, and isometric crystal system typically forming octahedrons or rounded dodecahedrons.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, transparent to opaque with adamantine luster, and isometric crystal system typically forming octahedrons or rounded dodecahedrons.
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme heat and pressure in the Earth's mantle, typically at depths of 150 to 200 kilometers, and brought to the surface via kimberlite or lamproite volcanic pipes.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in high-end jewelry as gemstone and in industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance on Earth and are often billions of years old.
Field identification & locations
Identified by extreme hardness, high refractive index, and adamantine luster; found in alluvial deposits and primary kimberlite pipes, notably in southern Africa.
