gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme heat and pressure in the Earth's mantle, typically 100 to 150 miles deep, and brought to the surface by deep-source volcanic eruptions called kimberlite pipes.
Uses & applications
Widely used in fine jewelry due to its exceptional brilliance and fire, as well as in industrial cutting, grinding, and drilling tools because of its unmatched hardness.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance on Earth and can conduct heat up to five times faster than copper.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness, high refractive index, and thermal conductivity; commonly found in alluvial deposits and kimberlite mines in Africa, Russia, and Canada.
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