gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric, Cleavage: Octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric, Cleavage: Octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52
Formation & geological history
Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle, approximately 150-250 kilometers deep, and brought to the surface by kimberlite pipe eruptions. Formation ages range from 1 to 3.5 billion years.
Uses & applications
Primary use in high-end jewelry (necklaces, rings) and heavy industrial applications like cutting, grinding, and drilling due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance on Earth. The name is derived from the Greek word 'adamas', meaning unbreakable or invincible.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high refractive index, extreme hardness, and thermal conductivity. Commonly found in kimberlite pipes or alluvial deposits in countries like Russia, Botswana, Canada, and South Africa.
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