
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Earth
Terra / Earth
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectAverage density: 5.51 g/cm3; Color: Blue (water), Brown/Green (land), White (clouds); Structure: Stratified into crust, mantle, and core; Hardness: Varies (surface rocks range from 1 to 10 on Mohs scale)
- Hardness
- Varies (surface rocks range from 1 to 10 on Mohs scale)
- Color
- Blue (water), Brown/Green (land), White (clouds)
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Physical properties
Average density: 5.51 g/cm3; Color: Blue (water), Brown/Green (land), White (clouds); Structure: Stratified into crust, mantle, and core; Hardness: Varies (surface rocks range from 1 to 10 on Mohs scale)
Formation & geological history
Formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago via accretion from the solar nebula; primarily shaped by plate tectonics, erosion, and volcanic activity.
Uses & applications
Hospitable environment for all known life; source of all natural resources for human civilization including minerals, fossil fuels, and water.
Geological facts
Earth is the only known planet with active plate tectonics and liquid surface water. It is technically an 'oblate spheroid' rather than a perfect sphere due to its rotation.
Field identification & locations
Identifiable in the field by being the ground beneath your feet. It is the densest planet in the solar system. For collectors: it contains every known natural mineral and rock type.
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Other igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic specimens
Natural freshwater pearls
Pearl (nacreous calcium carbonate; chiefly aragonite, CaCO₃)
gemstone
Milky quartz crystal cluster
Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)
mineral
Tumbled milky quartz
Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)
mineral
Milky quartz
Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)
mineral
Yellow chalcedony or quartz fragment
Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂ (tentative; possibly iron-stained chalcedony)
mineral
Polished fossil coral
Fossilized coral, commonly agatized coral (silica replacing CaCO₃)
fossil