igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic igneous rock)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper (gray, white, pink, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Salt and pepper (gray, white, pink, black)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper (gray, white, pink, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive). It is predominantly found in continental crust and can date back billions of years depending on the pluton.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones available, which is why it is used in high-traffic architectural applications.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'mosaic' of visible crystals, usually containing quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in mountainous regions or areas where ancient crust is exposed. For collectors, look for specific mineral variations like large K-feldspar crystals.
