mineral
Emerald
Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with Chromium/Vanadium impurities)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7.5–8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.7–2.8
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Vivid green to bluish green
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5–8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.7–2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed in metamorphic or hydrothermal environments where beryllium and chromium meet. Often found in mica schists or calcite veins. Many specimens date from the Precambrian to Tertiary eras.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used as a high-value gemstone in jewelry. Lesser quality opaque stones are used for beadwork or mineral collecting.
Geological facts
Emeralds are part of 'The Big Four' precious stones alongside diamonds, rubies, and sapphires. Large, eye-clean emeralds can be more valuable than diamonds of the same weight.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hexagonal crystal habit and characteristic 'jardin' (internal inclusions). Commonly found in Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, and Russia. Look for green crystals embedded in white quartz or dark schist matrix.
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