mineral

Emerald

Beryl (Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)‑₆) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 7.5–8.0; Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67–2.78

Hardness: 7
Color: Vivid green to bluish green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5–8.0; Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67–2.78

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium and chromium/vanadium meet. Many deposits date back to the Cretaceous period, often found in metamorphic schist or sedimentary limestone hosts.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a precious gemstone in jewelry (birthstone for May) and as a high-value investment/collector mineral.

Geological facts

Emeralds are the most famous member of the beryl family. Nearly all emeralds contain inclusions, often called a 'jardin' (garden), which can help distinguish natural stones from synthetics.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct grass-green color and hexagonal crystal habit. Found globally in Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Ethiopia. Collectors look for clarity and high color saturation.