mineral
Emerald
Beryl (Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)‑₆) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7.5–8.0; Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67–2.78
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Vivid green to bluish green
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5–8.0; Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67–2.78
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium and chromium/vanadium meet. Many deposits date back to the Cretaceous period, often found in metamorphic schist or sedimentary limestone hosts.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a precious gemstone in jewelry (birthstone for May) and as a high-value investment/collector mineral.
Geological facts
Emeralds are the most famous member of the beryl family. Nearly all emeralds contain inclusions, often called a 'jardin' (garden), which can help distinguish natural stones from synthetics.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinct grass-green color and hexagonal crystal habit. Found globally in Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Ethiopia. Collectors look for clarity and high color saturation.
