mineral
Fluorite
Calcium fluoride (CaF2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 4 on Mohs scale. Color: Variable, typically purple, green, yellow, or clear. Luster: Vitreous. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Cleavage: Perfect in four directions (octahedral). Specific gravity: 3.175-3.184.
- Hardness
- 4 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Variable, typically purple, green, yellow, or clear
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale. Color: Variable, typically purple, green, yellow, or clear. Luster: Vitreous. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Cleavage: Perfect in four directions (octahedral). Specific gravity: 3.175-3.184.
Formation & geological history
Forms in hydrothermal veins, often associated with metallic ores like lead and zinc, and in some igneous rocks like granites and pegmatites.
Uses & applications
Used in metallurgy as a flux, in the manufacture of opalescent glass and enamels, and in the chemical industry to produce hydrofluoric acid. Also popular among collectors and sometimes used in jewelry, though its softness makes it less suitable for everyday wear.
Geological facts
Fluorite is the mineral that gave the phenomenon of fluorescence its name. Some specimens glow under ultraviolet light.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its octahedral cleavage, relative softness (can be scratched by a steel knife), and typical colors. Common worldwide, with notable deposits in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA.
