mineral

Fluorite

Calcium fluoride (CaF2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale. Color: Highly variable, often green, purple, blue, yellow, or colorless. Luster: Vitreous. Crystal structure: Isometric. Cleavage: Perfect in four directions (octahedral). Specific gravity: 3.175-3.184.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Luster: Vitreous

Identified August 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in hydrothermal veins, often associated with metallic ores like lead and zinc. Also occurs in sedimentary rocks like limestone and dolostone.

Uses & applications

Used industrially as a flux in steelmaking, in the production of hydrofluoric acid, and in the manufacture of opalescent glass and enamels. High-quality specimens are popular among collectors and sometimes used in jewelry, though its low hardness makes it susceptible to scratching.

Geological facts

Fluorite exhibits fluorescence under ultraviolet light, a phenomenon named after the mineral itself. It is the state mineral of Illinois, USA.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive octahedral cleavage, relative softness (can be scratched by a knife), and frequent fluorescence. Found worldwide, with notable deposits in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA.