mineral

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness of 4 on the Mohs scale, varied colors including purple, green, yellow, and clear, vitreous luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.18

Identified August 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 4 on the Mohs scale, varied colors including purple, green, yellow, and clear, vitreous luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.18

Formation & geological history

Forms in hydrothermal veins, often associated with metallic ores like lead and zinc, as well as in cavities of limestone and dolostone.

Uses & applications

Used in metallurgy as a flux, in the manufacture of optical equipment, and widely collected and carved into ornamental objects and jewelry.

Geological facts

Fluorite is the mineral namesake for fluorescence, as many specimens glow under ultraviolet light due to impurities like yttrium.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its relatively low hardness (can be scratched by a copper penny) and perfect octahedral cleavage. Common localities include China, Mexico, South Africa, and the UK.