sedimentary
Fossiliferous Limestone
Biogenic Limestone containing marine invertebrate fossils
Mohs hardness: 3; Color: Cream, tan, grey, or white; Luster: Earthy to dull; Crystal structure: Microcrystalline calcite (CaCO3); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in calcite; Specific gravity: 2.5 - 2.7
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Cream, tan, grey, or white
- Luster
- Earthy to dull
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 3; Color: Cream, tan, grey, or white; Luster: Earthy to dull; Crystal structure: Microcrystalline calcite (CaCO3); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in calcite; Specific gravity: 2.5 - 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed in shallow, warm marine environments where accumulation of shell fragments, coral, and other calcium carbonate-secreting organisms undergo lithification over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, cement production, dimension stone, agricultural lime, and prized by fossil collectors.
Geological facts
Fossiliferous limestone often preserves ancient marine life including brachiopods, crinoids, bryozoans, and gastropods, providing a direct window into prehistoric ecosystems.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid (effervesces) and the visible presence of fossil fragments embedded within the matrix. Found worldwide in sedimentary rock formations.
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