mineral

Galena-rich sulfide specimen

Galena (lead sulfide, PbS), possibly with sphalerite and oxidized sulfides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Metallic gray to black, irregular massive crystal clusters with bright metallic patches; galena has Mohs hardness 2.5–3, cubic cleavage, cubic crystals, and very high specific gravity (~7.5). The image suggests weathered or partly coated material, so exact identification requires testing.

Identified August 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms mainly in hydrothermal lead-zinc veins, commonly with sphalerite, pyrite, and quartz; deposits range from Paleozoic to younger ages. Weathering can produce dull brown, gray, or whitish coatings and lead oxides/carbonates.

Uses & applications

A major historical ore of lead and an important source of silver; used in batteries, radiation shielding, ammunition, and industrial alloys. Attractive cubic crystals are collected, but it is not suitable for jewelry because of softness and toxicity.

Geological facts

Galena’s density is unusually high for its size, and freshly broken surfaces show brilliant metallic luster and perfect cubic cleavage. Avoid dust, ingestion, and prolonged handling; wash hands because lead compounds may be present.

Field identification & locations

Common in Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, Colorado, Idaho, Peru, Mexico, and Australia. Confirm with heft, cubic cleavage, and a streak test only with precautions; distinguish from graphite, which is much lighter and leaves a dark streak.