mineral

Galena-rich sulfide specimen

Galena (lead sulfide, PbS), possibly with sphalerite or other sulfides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Metallic gray to black, heavy, and commonly cubic-cleaving; Mohs hardness 2.5–2.75, specific gravity about 7.4–7.6. The irregular mass and dull-gray weathered surfaces obscure definitive crystal form; fresh galena is bright lead-gray with adamantine metallic luster.

Identified August 17, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms mainly in hydrothermal veins and carbonate-hosted replacement deposits when metal-rich fluids cool in fractures, commonly with sphalerite, pyrite, and quartz. Deposits range from Paleozoic to Cenozoic in age.

Uses & applications

Important historical ore of lead and often silver; specimens are collected for their density and metallic appearance. Lead-bearing material is not suitable for casual handling, jewelry, or food-contact use.

Geological facts

Galena’s name derives from an ancient term for lead ore, and many specimens were major sources of silver. It leaves a dark gray streak and may tarnish to dull lead-gray coatings.

Field identification & locations

Common in Missouri and Kansas, the Tri-State district, Colorado, Idaho, Peru, Mexico, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Confirm with unusually high density, metallic luster, gray streak, and cubic cleavage; avoid dust and wash hands after handling.