mineral

Galena

Lead sulfide (PbS)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically metallic gray to silver-black with a bright metallic luster, cubic crystal structure, perfect cubic cleavage, Mohs hardness 2.5–2.75, and high specific gravity (~7.4–7.6). The specimen’s glittery gray appearance is consistent with galena, though image-only identification is not definitive.

Identified August 21, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Galena forms mainly in hydrothermal veins and replacement deposits, commonly with sphalerite, pyrite, calcite, and quartz. Deposits range from Precambrian to younger Phanerozoic ages.

Uses & applications

Historically the chief ore of lead and an important source of silver; specimens are collected for their cubic crystals and metallic appearance. Lead-bearing material should not be handled carelessly or used in jewelry.

Geological facts

Galena is unusually dense for its size and often breaks along smooth right-angled surfaces. Fresh surfaces may tarnish to dull gray or iridescent colors.

Field identification & locations

Check for exceptional weight, metallic luster, gray streak, and cubic cleavage; a streak test and density test help distinguish it from graphite or metallic slag. Common localities include Missouri and Illinois, USA; Peru; Mexico; Australia; and Europe.