mineral
Galena
Lead Sulfide (PbS)
Hardness: 2.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Lead-gray to silver. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic. Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic). Cleavage: Perfect cubic cleavage in three directions. Specific Gravity: High, approximately 7.4 to 7.6.
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Lead-gray to silver
- Luster
- Metallic to sub-metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Lead-gray to silver. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic. Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic). Cleavage: Perfect cubic cleavage in three directions. Specific Gravity: High, approximately 7.4 to 7.6.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal vein deposits associated with limestone, sandstone, and other sedimentary rocks, as well as in igneous and metamorphic environments.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of lead, historically used in ceramics, glazes, ammunition, batteries, and radiation shielding.
Geological facts
Galena is the most important ore of lead and was also historically used in crystal radios as a semiconductor (cat's whisker detector).
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its high specific gravity (feels heavy for its size), brilliant metallic luster, and perfect cubic cleavage. Found worldwide, notably in Mississippi Valley-type deposits in the US, Germany, and Mexico.
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