gemstone
Garnet (Polished)
Nesosilicate (Group formula: X3Y2(SiO4)3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6.5-7.5. Color: Deep red to reddish-brown. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral). Specific gravity: 3.1–4.3.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Deep red to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to resinous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.5. Color: Deep red to reddish-brown. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral). Specific gravity: 3.1–4.3.
Formation & geological history
Forms in metamorphic rocks such as mica schist, gneiss, and granulite through high pressure and temperature metamorphosis of shale or clay-rich sedimentary rocks.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry as a gemstone and as an industrial abrasive for sandblasting and waterjet cutting due to its hardness.
Geological facts
The name 'garnet' comes from the Latin 'granatus' meaning grain, possibly referring to the seeds of a pomegranate. Red garnets are the most common and have been used as gems since the Bronze Age.
Field identification & locations
Commonly found in metamorphic regions like the Adirondack Mountains or parts of India. In the field, look for dodecahedral (12-sided) crystal habits and a distinct 'garnet red' flash against darker matrix rocks.
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