mineral

Garnet

Almandine/Pyrope Garnet (X3Y2(SiO4)3)

Hardness: 6.5 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Typically deep red to reddish-brown, brownish-black. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric, commonly forming dodecahedrons or trapezohedrons. Cleavage: None (fractures conchoidally). Specific gravity: 3.5 to 4.3.

Hardness: 6
Color: Typically deep red to reddish-brown, brownish-black
Luster: Vitreous to resinous

Identified August 3, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through regional or contact metamorphism, typically in mica schists, gneisses, and certain igneous rocks like granites and pegmatites, over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Widely used as gemstones in jewelry, as an abrasive in waterjet cutting and sandblasting, and valued by mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Garnet is the traditional birthstone for January and has been used as a gemstone since the Bronze Age. The name comes from the Latin word 'granatus', meaning grain, resembling pomegranate seeds.

Field identification & locations

Found worldwide, notably in India, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, and the United States. Easily identifiable by its distinct deep red color, vitreous luster, lack of cleavage, and high hardness.