mineral
Gold Nugget
Gold (Au)
Hardness: 2.5 - 3 on the Mohs scale. Color: Golden yellow, but can vary depending on silver or copper content. Luster: Metallic. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: Very high, approximately 19.3.
- Hardness
- 2
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5 - 3 on the Mohs scale. Color: Golden yellow, but can vary depending on silver or copper content. Luster: Metallic. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Cleavage: None. Specific gravity: Very high, approximately 19.3.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins deep within the Earth's crust where gold-bearing fluids precipitate gold, often concentrated in alluvial placer deposits over millions of years through weathering and erosion.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry, monetary reserves, investment, electronics, and dentistry.
Geological facts
Gold is extremely malleable and ductile; a single ounce can be drawn into a wire 50 miles long. The largest gold nugget ever found was the Welcome Stranger in Australia, weighing over 2,300 ounces.
Field identification & locations
Easily identifiable in the field by its high density (heavy heft for its size), distinct golden metallic luster, and softness (can be marked with a copper coin). Found globally in stream beds, placer deposits, and gold-bearing quartz veins.
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