mineral

Gold Nugget

Gold (Au)

Hardness: 2.5-3 on the Mohs scale, Color: Golden yellow, Luster: Metallic, Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: None (hackly fracture), Specific Gravity: 19.3 (very heavy)

Hardness: 2

Identified July 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.5-3 on the Mohs scale, Color: Golden yellow, Luster: Metallic, Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: None (hackly fracture), Specific Gravity: 19.3 (very heavy)

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes where superheated, mineral-rich water circulates deep within the Earth's crust, depositing gold in quartz veins. Over millions of years, weathering and erosion break down these parent rocks, releasing the gold into rivers and streams where placer deposits accumulate.

Uses & applications

Used in fine jewelry, financial investments, electronics, aerospace, and dentistry.

Geological facts

The largest gold nugget ever found was the Welcome Stranger in Victoria, Australia, in 1869, weighing over 2,316 troy ounces of net gold.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive bright yellow metallic color, high density (heavy feel in the hand), malleability, and resistance to tarnish and acids. Commonly found in placer deposits in rivers, streams, and historical mining regions like California, Alaska, and Australia.