igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: White, gray, pink with black specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- White, gray, pink with black specks
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: White, gray, pink with black specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Most granites are found in the continental crust and date from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents and makes up the core of many mountain ranges. Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' appearance of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Commonly found in batholiths and mountain outcrops. Use a hand lens to see the visible crystal grains.
