igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar Intrusive)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (large visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white, gray, black)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (large visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface during the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras. It is a major component of the continental crust.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest natural stones and is famous for being used in the Egyptian Pyramids and Mount Rushmore. The word 'granite' comes from the Latin 'granum', meaning a grain.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its visible interlocking crystals of quartz and feldspar. Found globally in mountainous regions and shield areas. Excellent for beginning collectors to learn intrusive igneous textures.
